Stove



R. M. PYLE Feb. 16, 1943.

STOVE Filed July l5, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 WUI' I l ol Richard M Pyle lNvENToR.

44' ATTORNEY.

2 Sheefs-5heet 2 R. M. PYLE STOVE Filed July l5, 1938 Feb. 16, 1943.

Patented Feb. 16, 1943 narran STATES rATENT OFFICE STOVE Richard M. Pyle, Dallas, Tex.

Application July 15, 1938, *Serial No. 219,467

13 Claims.

This invention relates to an improvement in stoves and more particularly to the type of stove employing oil or other liquid fuel in a burner and used as a room heater.

The object of the invention is to improve the efciency of the burner, particularly as to the generation of heat and its upward direction, which is accomplished by the use of upwardly inclined directed baffles arranged over the burner or the source of heat, so as to substantially heat the liquid fuel and at the same time to intermix the heated gases rising from the burner with upwardly directed air that passes into and through the heating chamber of the Stove. The burner is arranged so as to receive fresh cool air from a region in close proximity to the floor of the room,v

and to direct Asuch air around and adjacent to the burner.

Other improved features of the stove reside in the structure thereof for maximum eciency, simplicity of construction, and minimum cost. A ventilated shield is arranged between the fuel supply tank and the heating chamber of the stove in order to shield the fuel supply tank from the heat of the stove. A second shield is arranged within the base between the burner and the fuel supply tank, while the floor is shielded by a pan which extends under the burner.

These and other improved features of the invention are included in a preferred embodiment thereof which is set forth ,in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the stove, substantially on the line I--I of Fig. 2, with parts in elevation;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the stove with a portion broken away and in section;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, with the fuel tank removed;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the burner and its associate parts removed; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view through the burner and adjacent portions of the stove.

As shown in the drawings, the stove is constructed with a base designated generally by the numeral I, which is elongated as shown in Fig. 3, being formed with a peripheral side wall 2 and substantially closed top 3. The side wall 2 has cut-out portions 4 in the lower edges thereof for the circulation lof air into the base I, the space between the cut-outs 4 forming legs for supporting the stove, resting upon feet 34 conbolts.

ment so that the stove may be adjusted to a level position.

At one end of the base I, the top 3 thereof has an enlarged opening in which the fuel burner is supported.` This burner comprises a liquid fuel cup 5, which has a perforated or open-work burner screen 6, extending upwardly from the upper edge thereof. The upper end of the screen 6 carries a ring 1 that is secured thereto and has a horizontal lip l. A baille 8 is secured to the ring 1 by rivets or bolts 9 and held in slightly spaced relation by spacers I0 on the rivets or The baille 8 has a horizontal lip 8 at the inner edge thereof spaced from and extending parallel with the lip l. 'Ihe outer periphery of the baille 8 is turned up in the form of a flange II, that seats upon the periphery of the opening in the top wall 3 of the base to support the burner structure thereby. The ange II is secured to the base I by bolts or screws I2.

Extending upwardly from the periphery of the baffle 8 or the flange II thereof, is a heating chamber I 3 which is closed at the top by a cover I4 secured to the walls of the heating chamber by a removable band I5. The heating chamber I3 may be secured to the base I by the screws or bolts I2 which are removable for separating the base and heating chamber and for removing the burner structure therefrom or obtaining access thereto for replacement of parts or cleaning, as desired.

The heating chamber I3 has an opening in a side thereof with which is connected a flue I6.

Arranged on the inner side of the heating chamber I 3 is a deilector plate Il which is secured to a side wall of the heating chamber below the flue opening and extends upwardly in said chamber at an acute angle to the side Wall thereof, to a point above said flue opening, as shown in Fig. 1, to deflect the heated gases away from the flue opening until the heat has been expended therefrom below the exhaust through the flue I6.

The burner cup 5 is provided with a lateral neck I8 which extends through an opening in the surrounding wall 2 of the base to a point externally thereof. This neck is relatively large and affords ready access to the interior of the cup 5 for cleaning or lighting purposes and is adapted to be closed by a cap Il),v which is removable from the neck I8 to admit air and an ignition device in lighting the burner, but is normally closed air tight as by a gasket 20 on the inner face thereof, seating on the end of the nected therewith for relative vertical adjustneck I8,

in the fuel cup 5.

The fuel cup 5 is supplied with liquid fuel through a pipe 2| extending from a side thereof lengthwise through the base to a fuel supply receptacle 22, in which a maintained oil level is provided equal to that desired and maintained This is accomplished by the usual fountain feed fuel tank 23, which is supported on brackets 24 in the supply receptacle 22, and which tank 23 has a liquid control nozzle 25 provided to maintain a liquid level in the receptacle 22 as desired, whereby liquid will be supplied through the pipe 2| to maintain a liquid level in the burner cup 5. A screen 26 is provided on the end of the pipe 2| to screen the liquid fuel passing into and through the pipe and to prevent the accumulation of sediment in the valve. The supply of liquid fuel may be regulated further by a control valve 21 in the pipe 2| which has a valve stem regulator 28, extended to the upper portion of the stove, as shown in Fig. 1.

To prevent excessive heating of the liquid fuel in the tank 23, a double walled shield 29 is secured upon the top 3 of the base and extends upwardly therefrom, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, to a point above the tank 23, having its upper end open for the circulation of air therethrough from Ventilating holes 3l) provided in the top 3 of the base which admit cool air to pass upward through the double walled shield 29, maintaining a cool air space between the body of the heater or the heating chamber of the stove and the fuel tank 23.

Mounted within the base beneath the burner and the fuel cup 5 thereof, is a pan 3| to catch any sediment, products of combustion, etc., which may drop from the burner, and also to prevent undue downward deflection of heat to the floor. One side of the pan 3| is turned upward in the form of a shield 32 between the burner cup 5 and the fuel supply receptacle 22, to shield the latter from the heat of the burner. The pan 3| is substantially square and is spaced from the sides of the base so as to admit a ready upward passing of air between the wall 2 and the pan from all sides for adequately supplying air to the burner.

Upon the opening of the valve 2l, the liquid fuel will iiow into the burner cup 5 to the maintained oil level indicated. The cap i9 may be removed and a lighted torch or other igniter may be introduced through the neck I8 into the cup 5 to ignite the fuel contained therein. As the fuel burns on the surface of the maintained oil level, more fuel will be vaporized and the burning continued until extinguished or the oil supply cut off by the valve 2l. The iiame may be observed through a mica window 35 in a side of the heating chamber |3.

Upon the replacing of the cap I3, `after ignition, combustion will be supported by air drawn in through the cut-outs 4 in the sides of the base passing upward as indicated by the arrows on the drawings, passing between the periphery of the pan 3| and the wall 2, and through the perforations in the screen 6, into the space over the oil level in the burner cup 5, thence passing upward through the ring 'l and the center opening of the baliie 9. As the burning continues and greater heat is developed, additional air will be drawn upwardly into the center of the heating chamber |3 between the spaced Asides of the ring 'l and baille 8, which are inclined `at van angle of approximately to the vertical axis, to in# duce this upward circulation of air and direct' the same horizontally between the lips l and 8' across the flame which blazes upward from the fuel cup 5 and mixing with the products of combustion and the heated air from within the burner screen. The lips l and 8 are sufficiently short so as not to impede the movement of the air through the space between the ring and baille. The angular disposition of the conical shaped baille 8, serves also to reflect the heat to some extent back into the burner, increasing the temperature in the burner cup 5 and screen 6, keeping these members at a high temperature not only to generate a combustible mixture but also to consume substantially all of the combustion products in the oil or vapor thereof.

This angular disposition of the conical baille Y 8, localizes and concentrates the heat substantially on the center of the cup 5 and screen 8 of the burner to increase the temperature therein, While the upward passage of the heated air and products of combustion from the screen into the heating chamber I3, tends to enhance the draft of air between the ring 1 and baffle 8 to mix with the heated gases passing directly upwardly from the burner.

The location of the burner in the lower portion of the stove adjacent the floor increases the eiliciency of the burner by admitting thereto cool air, thereby obtaining combustion to a higher extent than where warm air is admitted. The air high in oxygen content will expand more readily in the combustion chamber of the burner and mix with the gaseous fuel or fuel vapor and present a highly combustible mixture. A

In order to prevent iiooding, a fuel overflow pipe 33 may be provided in a side of the fuel accumulation chamber 22, above the normal liquid level therein, but below the top of the burner cup 5 which will prevent accidental rise of the liquid level, so high as to iiood the burner cup.

I claim:

l. Heating apparatus comprising a fuel cup having a surrounding screen projecting thereabove enclosing a combustion chamber and for admitting primary air to said chamber, a ring at the upper end of said screen, and a baiile surrounding said ring in spaced relation thereto, said ring and baiiie being inclinedupwardly at an acute angle to the axis thereof for directing secondary air into the heated products of combustion passing upwardly from the screen, said baffle projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto such as to localize heat deflection substantially on the fuel cup and on substantially the entire peripheral portion of the screen'preheating the primary air passing therethrough.

2. Heating apparatus comprising a fuel cup having a surrounding screen and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber and having openings to supply primary air to said combustion chamber, a ring secured to the upper end of said screen, a conical baille having a central opening and surrounding the ring in slightly spaced relation thereto, said baffle and ring being inclined upwardly at an acute angle to the axis thereof for supplying secondary air into the heated products of combustion passing upwardly therethrough from the combustion chamber, said baiile projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto suchas to localize heat deection substantially on the fuelV cup and on substantially ,e the entire peripheral portion of the screen preheating the primary air passing therethrough,

V3. In a stove, the combination of a base, a fuel cup in the base having an upstanding perforated screen enclosing a combustion chamber, said fuel cup and screen being relatively small and spaced inwardly appreciably from the base, a ring surrounding the upper end of said screen, a baille having its periphery joined directly to the periphery of the base and having a central opening above the combustion chamber, and means spacing said baille from the ring, said bafile being frustro-conical and closed throughout its area except at the central opening, the baille and ring extending upwardly at an acute angle to the central axis thereof for -directing secondary air into the heated products of combustion rising through the baille into the combustion charnber, said baille projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto such as to localize heat deflection substantially on the fuel cup and on substantially the entire peripheral portion of the screen preheating the primary air passing therethrough.

4. A stove comprising a base having a surrounding wall with means for admitting air into said base, a heating chamber supported on the base and extending upwardly therefrom, a burner cup within the base of appreciably smaller size than the heating chamber and having an upstanding perforated screen spaced from the walls of the base to admit primary air into the screen to support combustion, an inturned ring at the upper end portion of the screen, a baille having its periphery joined directly to the periphery of the heating chamber and supported thereby, means connecting the baille with the ring and supporting the burner cup and screen therefrom with said ring in slightly spaced relation from the baille, said baille having a central opening above the screen for upward ilow of the products of combustion therethrough into the heating chamber, said baille and ring being inclined upwardly in frustro-conical shape to direct secondary air within the base into the heated products of combustion flowing therethrough, said baille projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto such as to localize heat deflection substantially on the fuel cup and on substantially the entire peripheral portion of the screen preheating the primary air passing therethrough.

5. A stove comprising a base having a surrounding wall and top, said base having means for upflow of air therethrough, said top having an opening therein, a baffle having a flanged periphery seated in said opening and projecting inwardly therefrom with a central opening, a .burner cup having an upstanding perforated screen enclosing a combustion chamber, a ring secured at the upper end of said screen, and means connecting said ring and baille in spaced relation and supporting the cup and screen from the baille, the screen being arranged to receive air from within the base to support combustion therein and direct the heated air upwardly through the ring and baille opening.

6. A stove comprising a base having a surrounding wall and top, said base having means for upiiow of air therethrough, said top having an opening therein, a baille having a flanged periphery seated in said opening and projecting inwardly therefrom with a central opening, a burner cup having an upstanding perforated screen enclosing a combustion chamber, a ring secured at the upper end of said screen, means connecting said ring and baille in spaced relation and supporting the cup and .screen from the baille, the screen being arranged to receive air from within the base to support combustion therein and direct the heated air upwardly through the ring and baille opening, and a heating chamber supported by the base and joined thereto approximately at the periphery of the baille with fastenings securing said heating chamber and baille jointly to the base, said baille and ring being upwardly inclined approximately in frustro-conical shape at an acute angle to the verticle axis to direct secondary air from within the base into the heated products of combustion passing into the heating chamber.

7. In a stove, a burner comprising ya fuel cup, a burner screen, a ring at the upper end portion of said screen, and a baille surrounding said ring in spaced relation thereto, said ring and baille having vertically spaced approximately horizontal lips at the inner edge portions thereof for directing air inwardly across a flame within the screen, said baille projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto such as to localize heat deflection substantially on the fuel cup and on substantially the entire peripheral portion of the screen preheating the primary air passing therethrough.

8. In a stove, a burner comprising a fuel cup having a screen projecting thereabove enclosing a combustion chamber, and vertically spaced approximately horizontal walls at the upper portion of the screen arranged to direct air inwardly over the combustion chamber, said baille projecting outwardly exteriorly from said screen and arranged at an angle thereto such as to localize heat deflection substantially on the fuel cup and on substantially the entire peripheral portion of the screen preheating the primary air passing therethrough.

9. A heater comprising an oil cup having a surrounding rim, a perforated screen connected with said rim and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber, and a baille surrounding said screen in spaced relation therefrom, said baille being approximately conical with its periphery projecting outwardly from the screen and said baille being arranged at an angle to the axis of the screen to localize heat deilection substantially on the oil cup and throughout the height of the screen.

10. A heater comprising an oil cup having a surrounding rim, a perforated screen connected with said rim and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber, and a baille surrounding said screen in spaced relation therefrom, said baille being approximately conical with its periphery projecting outwardly from the screen and said baille being arranged at an angle of approximately 45 to the axis of the screen to localize heat deflection substantially on the oil cup and throughout the height of the screen.

11. A heater comprising an oil cup having a surrounding rim, a perforated screen connected with said rim and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber, and a baille surrounding said screen in spaced relation therefrom, said baille being approximately conical with its periphery projecting outwardly from the screen and said baillle being arranged at an angle to the axis of the screen to localize heat deflection substantially on the oil cup and throughout the height of the screen, said baille having a flange on the inner peripheral edge thereof arranged approximately at right angles to the central axis of the oil Vcup and screen for directing air inwardly over the center thereof.

12. A heater comprising an oil cup having a surrounding rim, a perforated screen connected with said rim and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber., and a baffle surrounding said screen in spaced relation therefrom, said baiile being approximately conical with its periphery projecting outwardly from the screen and said baille being arranged at an angle of approximately 45 to the axis of the screen to localize heat deection substantially on the oil cup and throughout the height of the screen, said baille and screen having vertically spaced flanges thereon extending inwardly beyond the inner periphery of the screen and arranged approximate- 1y at right angles to the center axis of the oil cup and screen for directing air inwardly over the center thereof.

13. A burner comprising an oil 4cup `having a surrounding rim, a perforated screen connected with said .rim and extending upwardly therefrom enclosing a combustion chamber, and an approximately conical baffle surrounding the upper portion of said screen and projecting outwardly at at acute angle thereto a distance su-fllcien't that a line extending downwardly from the edge portion of the battle at right angles thereto will intersect the vertical line of the screen at a point approximately at the lower edge thereof to deflect heat over the entire area .of the screen and preheat the air passing therethrough.

RICHARDV M. PYLE. 

